Essays on Bias

Recent statistics from the United States of America on bias and discrimination showed an alarming rate of gender, religion, age, class, and nationality discrimination among Americans. Social media, television programs, newspapers, music, billboards, and films have taken the lead in catalyzing such prejudice among citizens. Contemporary society is full of prejudice in almost all aspects of life. Attitude to people wearing a hijab is similar to that expressed towards terrorists, but skin color, ...

The creative license that our brains exert, in my perspective the specific phrase refers to the level of altercation to the memory when recalling the memory or constructing the memory. The word license itself means ‘authorization to use’, the brain thereon uses its creativity to alter the memory, the creativity then uses the knowledge that the brain has which also has biases collected over years from self, family, friends or any other source. Therefore, the biases find their way into the ...

As products advance even the advertisements have to be creative and attractive. The market has grown and so has the number of competitors, giving customers plenty to choose from. This very reason makes the companies create ads that are better than the other, while they are at this some take it too far and often cross the line, making them sound gender biased. When we look at stereotypes in the play “The Doll’s House” it focuses more on women and their level in society and things like women ...

A heuristics is a mental shortcut that allows people to solve problems and make judgments quickly and efficiently. These rule-of-thumb strategies shorten decision-making time and allow people to function without constantly stopping to think about their next course of action. Heuristics are helpful in many situations, but they can also lead to cognitive biases. The criminal justice system involves a complicated set of rules, roles and procedures, and professionals and laypeople alike are ...

Throughout a person's life, they are faced with different challenges and obstacles of all kinds. They have to learn how to overcome these difficulties to succeed in life. People who are not classified as part of the ingroup are stereotyped, shown prejudice, and discriminated against by others. All of these are concepts that represent acts of bias.The difference between bias and prejudice is subtle but definable. But both are two attitudes that result in injustice and discrimination. They play ...

Confirmation bias is defined as a tendency to look for information regarding a topic that supports the individual's view.A key study conducted by O’brien and Ellsworth (2019) aims to evaluate whether confirmation bias has an influence on decision-making regarding criminal investigations. The methodologies that have been used within this study are questionnaires and statistics. In the first study, thirty-six men and seventy-two women conducted a questionnaire after reading a case based on a ...

Decision-making is a mental process that every individual encounters every day. Bias is present in the majority of decisions we are faced with. Bias is defined as, ‘disproportionate weight in favor of or against an idea or thing, usually in a way that is closed-minded, prejudicial, or unfair’ (En.wikipedia.org, 2020). Bias can have a negative or positive effect when collecting thoughts and opinions and then applying these to fulfill the decision.Understanding bias decision-making, a case from ...

This report seeks to analyze the phenomenon of confirmation bias in medical decision-making, exploring the implications from patient to doctor. Confirmation bias connotes the seeking or interpreting of evidence in ways that are partial to existing beliefs, expectations, or a hypothesis in hand (Nickerson, 1998). Put another way, confirmation bias describes our tendency to apply more weight to confirming evidence than disconfirming evidence, to substantiate less evidence to confirm an initial ...

Confirmation bias is a person's tendency to endorse information that upholds their assumptions, preconceived ideas, or hypotheses, regardless of the truthfulness or falsity of said information. The phenomenon is also known as confirmatory bias or selective evidence collection, determinant in human thought and behavior.Once you learn to identify cases of confirmation bias, it becomes clear how it is a widely spread and problematic aspect of human reasoning. Selectively collecting information ...

Of course, every human has personal, individual beliefs and each person is entitled to their own opinion. Social identities are attached to how and where each individual was raised, their personal history and what their interpretation of “race” is. With this individuality, humans commonly experience implicit biases. Without realizing we are enforcing these personal biases, we are creating a more hostile and tough experience for those who are being discriminated against. Implicit, explained as ...

Our counter-claim for this perspective is that scientists are likely to favor positive results while repeating the experiment to verify their hypothesis. Hence, even though what makes conclusions drawn by the natural sciences more certain than that of the human sciences is that natural science experiments can be repeated to verify hypotheses while it is harder and less reliable to do so for human sciences, the data recorded through these repetitions may not be objective as scientists are ...

Kimmel and Arson describe how crime is an act of deviance that is enforced by a legal body, meaning it is government regulation for what constitutes as good or bad. However, what is considered deviant is different from person to person. The powerful and rich often escape a deviant label, and are able to evade the punishment that those who are less privileged would receive. Kimmel and Arson provide four theories that explain how crime occurs and why: Robert K. Merton’s “Strain Theory,” Philip ...