Essays on Biology

Obesity is a growing epidemic around the world and dramatically increases the risk of developing a number of chronic diseases (Gambero and Ribeiro, 2015). The currently available anti-obesity drugs contain numerous adverse effects (Li and Cheung, 2011), having a great interest in natural products as…

Individuals that are affected by abusive adults are children who parents have been abused. Parents that have been abused may have experienced physical and sexual abuse, emotional maltreatment, neglect or have possibly witnessed domestic violence throughout their childhood. There are many factors that has an…

Applied microbiology is a branch of microbiology in which micro-organisms are studied and utilised, perhaps even exploited, for the benefit of humans and animals. According to (Nature. com, 2018), applied microbiology is “a scientific discipline that deals with the application of microorganisms and the knowledge…

Introduction Middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS) emerged with the death of a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia in 2012, and the causative agent was subsequently identified as a novel coronavirus (MERS-CoV), which belongs to lineage C Betacoronaviruses. As a zoonoses, with dromedary camels as…

The immune system is what keeps animals healthy and is essential for survival. The immune system fights against bacteria, viruses, parasites, and without it the body would just be open for attack. The immune system involves many types of cells, organs, proteins and tissues which…

Salmonella spp The Salmonella bacterium is a rod-shaped motile bacterium that posesses a flagellum. A flagellum is a long thin tail that helps the bacterium to move Salmonella reproduces asexually with binary fission. Binary fission has four steps: First the cell elongates and makes a…

Among modern world’s main issues, potential energy shortage for the years to come and climate change consequences are some of the main ones according to several institutions around the globe. Primary energy consumption has been increasing at a rate of 2. 5% recently. According to…

Numerous cultures isolated from different sites of infections such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), urine, pus, stool and many more are routinely measured through a microbial profile and antibiogram. The results of the microbial profile and antibiogram of these cultures isolated are applicable in diagnosing…

Introduction Elderberry is a deciduous multi-stemmed shrub with brittle branches that easily bent under the weight of its fruit clusters. Suckering from the roots and branching from the base of the main stems force the plant to form dense thickets. It can reach up to…

There are around 99 thousand organisms that are known within the fungi kingdom, such as mould, rust and mushrooms. Some fungi are found living freely in either water or soil, while others choose to form parasitic relationships with animals or plants. There are large amounts…