n individual ‘s personality is the combination of traits and patterns that influence their behavior, through, motivation, and emotion. It drives individual to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways, in essence, it is what makes each individual unique. Over time, these patterns strongly influence personal expectation, perceptions, values, and attitudes. Personality is the expression of persons traits according to ones feeling, mentality and behavior. It involves understanding individual’ traits such as withdrawal and willpower and how various parts of an individual link together to form personality. Personality expresses itself from within an individual and is comparatively regular throughout in an individual’s life. Different people have different personalities dependent on factors such as environment and genetic composition.
The psychoanalytic perspective of personality emphasizes the importance of early childhood experiences and the unconscious mind. This perspective on personality was created by psychiatrist Sigmund Freud who believed that things hidden in the unconscious could be revealed in a number of different ways, including through dreams, free association, and slips of the tongue. Stressed the importance of early childhood events, the influence of the unconscious and sexual instincts in the development and formation of personality.
The trait perspective of personality is centered on identifying, describing and measuring the specific trait that make up human personality. By understanding these trait, researchers believe they can better comprehend the differences between individuals.
The humanistic perspective of personality focuses on psychological growth, free will, and personal awareness. It tkes a more positive outlook on human nature and is centered on how each person can achieve their individual potential.
The social cognitive perspective of personality emphasizes the important of observational learning, self-efficacy, situational influences and cognitive processes. The self that individuals have has significant ramifications for their contemplations, feeling responses, and conduct, for instance, the considerations individuals have frequently are made to keep up the feeling of self that they have. This is particularly valid for musings about other individuals. Individuals will in general observe other individuals who offer some comparability as likewise saturated with these equivalent qualities and shortcoming, though individuals who are diverse are bound to be viewed as having deficiency and shortcomings.
The biological perspective on personality emphasizes the internal physiological and genetic factors that influence personality. It focuses on why or how personality traits manifest through biology and investigates the links between personality, DNA, and processes in the brain. This research can include the investigation of anatomical, chemical or genetic influences and is primarily accomplished through correlation personality traits with scientific data from experimental method such as brain imaging and molecular genetics.
The ID is the impulsive part of our psyche which responds directly and immediately to basic urges, needs, desires. The personality of the newborn child is all id and only later does it develop an ego and super-ego. The id engages in primary process thinking, which is primitive, illogical, irrational, and fantasy oriented. This form of process thinking has no comprehension of objective reality, and is selfish and wishful in nature.
The ego develops to mediate between the unrealistic id and the external real world. It is the decision-making component of personality. Ideally, the ego works by reason, whereas the id is chaotic and unreasonable. The ego operates according to the reality principle, working and realistic ways of satisfying the id’s demand, often compromising or postponing satisfaction to avoid negative consequence of society. The ego considers social realities and norms, etiquette and rules in deciding how to behave. The ego engages in secondary process thinking, which is rational, realistic, orientated toward problem-solving. If a plan of action does not work, then it is through again until a solution is found. This is known as reality testing and enables the person to control their impulses and demonstrate self-control, via mastery of the ego.
The superego consists of two system: the conscience and the ideal self. The conscience can punish the ego through causing feeling of guilt. For example, if the ego gives in to the id’s demand, the superego may make the person feel bad through guilt. The ideal self is an imaginary picture of how you ought to be, and represents career aspirations, how to treat other people, and how to behave as a member of society.
