Essays on Medieval Europe

Introduction The Hundred Years’ War, a series of conflicts spanning over a century, stands as one of the most significant and complex events in medieval European history. Fought between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France, this war shaped the political, cultural, and…

The discussion between John Stuart Mill (1806–1873) and William Whewell (1794–1866) has become the authoritative methodological discussion of the nineteenth century. Albeit regularly described as a discussion among inductivism and hypothetico-deductivism, the job of the two strategies on each side is in reality progressively intricate….

The intricate, yet complex relationship between science and politics is represented best through the French Revolution. Through this paper, I will examine the different scientific breakthroughs that occurred during the French Revolution and whether the revolution acted as a catalyst for scientific development. I will…

Baron de Holbach quoted “Religion diverts us from the causes of evil, and from the remedies which nature prescribes; far from curing, it only aggravates, multiplies and perpetuates them”. Religion is a very important part of human beings’ life as it gives purpose and ethical…

Revolution brought many changes during the eighteen to the nineteenth century for many individuals. During this era, France experienced an event of changes in the social order and economic changes. Britain experienced a better industry and trade. Germany experienced change, such as tools and steam-powered…

“A revolution can be neither made nor stopped. The only thing that can be done is for one of several of its children to give it a direction by dint of victories.” (Napoleon Bonaparte). The American Revolution was a major event in history that sparked…

The French Revolution, occurring just on the heels of the American Revolution, is one of the seminal moments of modern civilization. You will often hear it referenced by pundits and columnists with either derision or admiration, depending on where the speaker sits on the political…

Revolutions, in a political sense, are commonly defined as “…sudden and seismic shift[s] from one form of government to another” (National Geographic). They tend to display four common characteristics; dissident elites, mass frustration, shared motivation, and state crises. The effects of these characteristics tend to…

Genghis Khan was a brilliant leader, particularly a brilliant warrior. Around half the Mongolians claim to be the direct descendants of Genghis Khan. He claimed that ‘conquering one’s enemies; taking possessions; loving their women and daughters’ should be necessary for happiness. Many people seem to…

Robert Walton is consumed by his ambition to reach the North Pole because he believes “glorious expedition” is the most valuable achievement according to his own rationale. However, Walton’s logic and unsympathetic behavior kill the crew members by refusing their request for return back to…

After years of war and upheaval in Europe, between the 14th and 15th centuries, the population loss a great deal of faith in the church. The Avignon Papacy, Hundred Year’s War, and the Black Death eventually resulted in a new light on Humanism because despite…

Recently I have been curious about stem cells, and gain more knowledge of how they work. Asking what are they? Where do they come from? And what do I know about them? Knowing these amazing stem cells live inside our bodies. Sighted it as an…

Napoleon Bonaparte is widely considered one of the greatest conquerors to ever live. Born the son of a noble off the coasts of Italy, it just took him a few decades to rise to prominence during the French Revolution, which began in July 1789. Throughout…

I think that the French people did a great job in how they led the revolution, considering the fact that they had no other source to take ideas from and this can be seen in their actions too. The decision of attacking Austria was clearly…

There were many influential artists during the Early Renaissance. These artists expressed their unique abilities through painting, sculpting, music, and even architecture. One prominent figure during this remarkable era is Sandro Botticelli. Botticelli, best known for his mythological work, was an eminent painter during this…

Was the French Revolution successful? There are many observations and different points of view from other people. For what I believe is that the French Revolution was not a success. I have many reasons why this was not a success. One of many reasons why…

 Imagine your best friend taking away all the power of your decision of where you get to eat tonight for dinner, this is like the driving force behind European Imperialism in Africa! The background behind the driving force behind European Imperialism in Africa is between…

It is a movement that was based on the knowledge acquired from the Greeks and the Romans, This movement led to the rebirth of the previous works of ancient philosophers. This happened after the Renaissance era in late 18th century. During the medieval period, many…

America is an accumulation of nations containing a diversified group of people belonging to different races, ethnics, religions, customs, practices, and languages. It is the country entitled as the supreme power of human rights; whereby, every person is equal to the law. However, it is…

Have you ever wondered how we came to be as a country? How did we get where we are today? Two major revolutions impacted our history in good and bad ways making us learn from our mistakes and successes; The American Revolution, also known as,…

Dark Romanticism is a subgenre in Romanticism, especially American Romanticism. This movement was formed in opposition to Transcendentalism and it was a reaction to its ideas. Dark Romanticism concentrates on the dark side of human psyche. Presents people as sinful and self-destructive individuals. Dark Romantics’…

Queen Elizabeth l has influenced English literature and culture of the time tremendously. Elizabeth l lived her life in the English Renaissance that dated from the late 15th century to the early 17th century. The Renaissance was popular with the arts. Queen Elizabeth l was…

The Isenheim Altarpiece made in 1516, by Matthias Grunewald and Nikolaus Hagenauer, this piece was created for a Isenheim Hospital. Hence, during the 1500s, sculpted altars were common and popular. This piece is related with the German Renaissance, one of the most important pieces of…

Shakespeare lived in the Rennaisance era, and his works reflect the era’s beliefs. He is extremely influential towards poetry and English. He is spoken about in all English classes and is one of the most household names. Not only that, but he was also an…

The Renaissance was a significant era of cultural rebirth across Europe during the fourteenth through seventeenth centuries. People started questioning ideals taken for granted in previous years. Due to this questioning, an outpouring of creativity and new ideas emerged. Those seeking new answers in Europe…

The renaissance word means ‘rebirth.’ In the English Renaissance, this rebirth refers to a of learning, especially in terms of new beliefs and ways of doing things differently from the Middle Ages. Important features of the Renaissance include a renewed interest in classical a rise…

15th Century Italy was unlike any other place during its’ time. The “rebirth” had given life and vigor to artists and scholars alike. Money flowed through the hands of wealthy Florentines and into the waiting arms of men like Da Vinci, Donatello, and Michelangelo. Commissions…

 The French Ambassadors is a Renaissance era oil painting by Hans Holbein the Younger. Painted in 1533, it is a portrait of Jean de Dinteville and Georges de Selve, french ambassadors to the court of english King Henry VIII. Holbein, a Lutheran, came from a…

Jan Van Eyck was a painter during the 15th century, his work heavily influenced Early Northern Renaissance Art. During 1432, Van Eyck painted the Ghent Altarpiece, which I consider a masterpiece. His piece was one of the first oil on wood paintings perfected in the…

Shakespeare shaped how the people of Britain viewed power and honor during the Renaissance era with Henry IV Part 1. This play had a significant role in British history and the cultural change regarding honor and power. During the Renaissance era, Britain was being heavily…

The Renaissance was a time period in history filled with enlightenment and growth in so many ways. From Shakespeare and all of his amazing works, to artists like Michelangelo who created the famous statue of David. The Renaissance marked a period in European history filled…

Renaissance was taken from Italian, ‘rinascimento’ or ‘rinascita’ which has the meaning of reborn. Renaissance is a culture shifting movement which happened in the 14th century till 17th century, or it could be said happened in middle age to modern era. This ideology was brought…

William Shakespeare’s Sonnet 116 like the rest of his sonnets, the main theme is love. Throughout the quatrains he goes on to define love by applying figurative language elements in his writing while each quatrain furthers his recurring theme of true everlasting love. In quatrain…

The Origins of Totalitarianism by Hannah Arendt is an inside and out examination of the recorded conditions encompassing the ascent of authoritarianism in the twentieth century. It is part into three sections: Anti-Semitism, Imperialism and Totalitarianism. The initial two areas are given to the recorded…

From February 1692 to May 1693, the town of Salem in Great Britain’s Massachusetts Bay Colony was plagued with the concept of suspected witchcraft and devil interference in a town where settlers had deemed to be a peaceful place to worship God and practice the…

In Scotland things were not so good for witches under the reign of James 1st, he took a keen interest in witch trials and considered himself to be an expert in the field. He wrote Daemonologie in 1597 and left a trail of witch hunts…

During the Middle Age, the character of Ulysses is charged with new meanings, which trigger a process of multiplication of identities and symbols that have its fulcrum in Canto XXVI of Dante’s Inferno where, for the first time, the Homeric hero merges with the Christian…

There are many prisons in the U.S and the Government spends billions of dollars on them each year,there are also many prisoners, some innocent some guilty and many who are habitual violators.So does that question the effects of prison or is the government wasting money…

The Mongols were a nomadic group that originated in Central Asia, now Mongolia. They are traditionally characterized as amazing horsemen and conquerors and are credited with forming the largest empire to date. This empire lasted from 1206-1368 and was spear-headed by their leader Genghis Khan….

We often look past the juvenile as a person, and tend to look more so at his or her crimes. We often base the juvenile on his or her crimes without really taking a deeper look into their lives, or what may have led them…

Prince Henry issued new laws to encourage sailors to sail beyond the mapped routes and discover new trade routes to West Africa several decades ago since after the Ottoman Empire controlled Constantinople several decades ago, they blocked access to North Africa and the Red Sea…

The two plays Othello and the Duchess of Malfi were performed in the period of the Renaissance which it knew as (Early Modern), the word Renaissance means rebirth and it refers to a cultural and educational movement that begin in Italy in the fourteenth century….

Romanticism was an artistic and literary movement in England in the late 18th and early 19th centuries which had a profound impact on English literature. English Romantic literature is characterized by revolution and reformation, emotion and its connection to nature, the supernatural, and by using…

Introduction I am very much aware that it’s an act of extreme harshness to attempt to write about this particular topic because it involves politics and politics is a very subjective issue. It may be a universal subject for cities however I am only attempting…

The need for success and power motivated Europe to move towards imperialism. By focusing on China, India, and Africa, this essay will argue that a state’s response to European imperialism in the nineteenth century until WWI grew out of its previous interactions with Europe after…

Introduction Imperialism was a time period where a mother country or a larger country would take over and colonize smaller less developed countries. The mother countries took advantage of the underdeveloped countries’ resources and land. As a result, many countries lost independence, however, they also…

In France, people were having trouble with the Monarchy. This is because the King put higher taxes on food like bread, which only affected the 3rd Estate. So the third estate decided to get help from the Estates-General who doesn’t allow one-sided power. However the…

The Reign of Terror turned into a radical event in the course of the French Revolution with Maximilien Robespierre and Jean-Paul Marat. This event, depending on the perspectives might be justified, unjustified and through and largely justified. This length of the time had many executions,…

35,000 people were unnecessarily killed by contradicting officials. The French Revolution was basically a period of time with social norms. These social norms included the first estate, the second estate, and the third estate. The first estate was the priests, the second estate was the…

During the mid 1500’s to the mid 1700’s Colonial Europe including the towns Ipswich and Andover felt thee negative effects of the Renaissance and Reform movements. Many in Europe were unready for such big religious and cultural changes. Along with these changes came the rising…

Imagine yourself living in Salem, Massachusetts. The year is 1692. You consider yourself to be an upstanding citizen of the community. You have a spouse, children, and a lovely home. You attend church every Sunday and work hard the other six days of the week….

The well fabled Salem Witch Trials took place around 1692, in a time and place copious of hysteria, condemnation and prosecution. During this early modern time period, science and the elements of the renaissance had already been taken to a place where it had not…

When one hears the word “plague”, they likely picture the Black Death, the bubonic plague epidemic most often taught about in schools; compared to this familiarity, the plague epidemic that killed 100% of its victims, the Manchurian Plague, is far less familiar. This epidemic, which…

The poetry of Emily Dickinson, which was influenced by personal background and by the Romanticism or Realism era literary period, has contributed to American literature. Emily wrote many poems that were greatly influenced by her life and the people she met. She was more of…

Realism is a very wide subject. It covers broad area, it can be found in literature, art and painting, in films and theatre. In philosophy, realism is derived from Greek word ‘res’ means object and -ism means philosophy. It is an approach to philosophy that…

The 18th century was a progressive era where many great thinkers redefine the way of living in their culture. In the 18th century you see the trend of the growing power of centralized states and the rise of political powers in the middle class along…

How serious was the radical threat to the established political order in the years 1789-1803? In this essay I will assess the extent to which radicalism posed a threat to the established political order in the years 1789-1803. By assessing the work of previous historians,…

Introduction My family and I have been planning for a family trip and picnic to visit Theodore Roosevelt National Park, located in Badlands, western North Dakota, USA (Nps.gov, 2019). The National Park is ideal for hiking trails, scenic drives, and ranger-led programs. The collection of…

History is much more than what just happened and to whom it happened to but how we as humans understand and ascribe to these events. A great plague swept over Europe where one third of Europe’s population died. In the book “In the Wake of…

The American Revolution was caused mostly by increased British taxes without any representation of the colonies, more British intervention in their daily lives, and economic reasons. England’s commanders were taxing the colonists externally which were not allowing them any votes in assemblage. Besides, the colonists…

Throughout history, ideology has consistently played a significant role in causing revolutions, particularly the American Revolution (1765 – 1783) and the French Revolution (1789 – 1799). An ideology combines the ideas of the people into a common goal that they can collectively work towards. As…

The purpose of my paper is to explain and acknowledge what chivalry is. Aslo, how to use chivalry in many ways like in a bad way and in a good way. You have to use chivalry to be knight back into medieval times. The biggest…

Mordhau, made by the multinational video game developer Triternion, is an online multiplayer FPS game with a strong emphasis on melee combat and realistic fighting in the same vein as 2012’s Chivalry: Medieval Warfare. Plenty of parallels can be drawn between the two games given…

The Dark Ages, when you hear something like that term you would probably think of a bad time. A time that no one wants to think about, and that people assume to be terrible and wrong. But is that really true? I believe that this…

The title “Dark Ages” means “ A historical period traditionally referred to the Middle Ages, that asserts a demographic cultural and economic deterioration” (Dark Ages). This definition is basic and many people disagree with the title “Dark Ages”. I believe this isn’t a accurate name for…

The period of time between four hundred AD and 1400 AD should not be referred to as a “Dark Age”. Since this historical argument uses the term, Dark Age, it’s best mentioned as a depression of some sort or a fall with the cultural or…

The primary case of American Imperialism is the contention among Britain and Venezuela over land off the shore of Venezuela. America truly did close to nothing, yet the moment they were included Britain upheld off so as not to annoy America. This demonstrated America what…

For centuries war has been romanticized as a heroic battle between a purely good side and the evil side. Incredible heroes fight against evil and give peace back to the good. The good and innocent all live peacefully afterwards while the evil are punished and…

The History of Ballet Ballet start from Italian Renaissance courts at 15th century. Ballet in Italian language is “balletto” means “dance”. Basically, on that time, Ballet can teach people how to behavior in court such as how people stepped, bowed, or took someone’s hand. There…

For 1,500 years, Western Christianity ran as a unified body. Although there were principalities, much of the power belonged to the church in the Holy Roman Empire. The popes at the time sold papal indulgences convincing purchasers that in exchange for money, a letter from…

A silent killer that appeared out of no where and wiped out over a third of Europe’s populating and in some place’s entire cities. The black death was an epidemic like no one had ever seen before and hopefully will never see again. So, what…

Aaron Douglas The poignant and impactful painting, Into Bondage, hangs in the Negro Hall of Life as a powerful reminder of the history and journey of slavery. Aaron Douglas, who was a leader of the Harlem Renaissance during the 1920s and 30s, was chosen to…

Introduction The topic that I have chosen to write this paper on is- Galileo and the Scientific Revolution. The scientific revolution refers to a period of historical changes that took place in Europe marking the emergence of modern science. It was facilitated by developments in…

Introduction Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni has been considered to be one of the most inspirational and talented artists that lived during the early modern world. The western world during his time was undergoing possibly the most significant period of change since the fall of…

Trade and Cooperation Among the magnificent historical wonders, the Silk Road is of particular significance. This is the longest historical trade route starting from Far East and reaching up to Europe and East Africa. Actually, this is a network of trade routes intersecting each other…

The Importance of Trade in Ancient Times Trade was a very relevant factor during ancient times around the world. The most powerful civilizations during the time used trade to climb the economic ladder. All around trading with different societies was exceptionally important for the growth…

A Major Route of Trade An ancient network of trade routes, the Silk Road promoted an exchange of goods and ideas between China and the West. The Silk Road was opened during the Han dynasty and remained a major route of trade for more than…

What is Silk Road? A man named Ron Pompei once said, “I wouldn’t call it a retail store. It’s a place where culture and commerce intersect. It’s more like the Silk Road – a sense of exploration mixed with the exchange of things and ideas.”…

The Silk Road and Cross-Cultural Trade Culture is one of the most important parts of an area of where you live. In the 1400s Asia was booming with trade and culture from all over. During this time exotic and luxury goods where the biggest things…

Edgar Allan Poe, a writer of the Dark Romanticism era, is known for his morbid and melancholy tales that reflect the popular beliefs of his time. He illustrates in his writings the dark side of humanity as well as man’s weaknesses in the face of…