Essays on Pharmacology

Abstract Background: A common neurodevelopmental disorder referred to as Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) has a first line treatment of stimulant medications in school-aged children and adolescents [1]. A common comorbidity found in children and adolescents with ADHD is schizophrenia. Because ADHD patients are 4.3…

In ancient times, there was no hospitals, clinic, nursing home, dispensary etc. nature was the answer to all problems of man. In times of discomfort, disease or illness man searched for the surrounding elements- air, water, fire, soil, plants and trees, animals and many other…

In central nervous system, synapses are important for conduction of nerve impulses. When these signals reach at the end of neurons, neurotransmitters are released to bind to receptors present on post-synaptic membrane to conduct the impulse to subsequent neurons. These neurotransmitters can include: acetylcholine, GABA,…

Blood derivatives Blood derivatives are substances derived from human blood. They are sometimes referred to as biologic drugs. Among the blood derivetives known today include whole blood, blood components and plasma derivatives. These blood products essential improve tissue oxygenation when given to a person that…

Anticoagulant drugs are basically purosed to minimize the capacity of the blood to clot. Such drugs exist in five (5) forms; Heparin, Oral anticoagulant, antiplatelete drugs, direct thrombin inhibitors and factor Xa inhibitor drugs. Heparin Originally, Heparin comes from animal tissues, and is essential for…

Introduction The unfortunate thalidomide disaster was a watershed moment for the drug regulation. This incidence compelled the regulatory agencies across the world to make the drug approval process more stringent. Subsequently the concept of pharmacovigilance and drug safety was begun to prevent the occurrence of…

“Monkey dust” is an off-white powder, which is the synthetic version of the natural compound referred to as MDPV which can be administered orally, through injections or through snorting. Cathinones is the family of drugs that MDPV belongs to, it includes the naturally occurring stimulant…

The drug valium contains the active ingredient Diazepam. Diazepam affects chemicals in the brain that may be unbalanced in people with anxiety. Valium is used to treat anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, or muscle spasms. Valium is sometimes used with other medications to treat epileptic…

This barbiturate is a nonselective central nervous system (CNS) depressants that are primarily used as sedative hypnotics. In sub hypnotic doses, they are also used as an anticonvulsant. Chemical Formulae: C11H18N2O3. Pharmacology Amobarbital (5-ethyl-5-isoamylbarbituric acid), like all barbiturates, is synthesized by reacting malonic acid derivatives…

Without pharmacology, modern medicine as we know it would not exist. The sheer variety of medications we take for granted in a society of exemplary yet free healthcare is the result of decades of scientific ingenuity and research. Without pharmacologists, countless people today would suffer….