In the Nichomachean Ethics, Aristotle swites about human function, one arguments is: “If we take the proper function of a human to be a certain kind of life, and if this kind of life is an activity of soul and consists in actions performed in…
Essays on Philosophers
When you think about ethics in general setting ethics is a term we use to our concern for good behavior. Business ethics is basically the same as your normal day ethics. It involves being conscious of what you are doing, including what consequences may come…
Karl Marx is a renowned German philosopher, sociologist, economist and political theorist. His ideas have a huge impact on modern day sociology, transformed the study of history and also have a profound effect on literature, arts, and philosophy. In 1848 he published the “Manifesto of…
“Each and everyone has their own kind of beauty. At the end of the day, all we have is who we are.” In my own perspective, I think this Philosophy of mine can be similar to the philosophies of Socrates. Through his philosophy, he stated…
‘Philosophy Book Big ideas Simply Explained” is a beautiful illustration with pictures and diagrams, and interesting book about ideas of philosophy. This book provides an overview of the World’s most famous Philosophers, their autobiographies and their noticeable ideas in philosophy. The book is divided in…
Within Plato’s dialogue ‘Theaetetus’ (Burnyeat and Levett, 1990) Plato’s Socrates is concerned with epistemology – the theory of knowledge. In this essay, I will explain the arguments for the claim that knowledge is perception according to Protagoras, as well as Socrates’ refutations. Theatetus’ claim that…
Rene Descartes and David Hume held opposing theories about the ‘self’ and of personal identity. Rather than accepting previously acknowledged truths, Descartes deliberately ignored the philosophers who preceded him and was determined to discover truths for himself. He broke away from the traditional theocentric trend…
Rene Descartes developed the concept that our identity has entirely to do with thought. Descartes was a fierce rationalist which made him stand out among all the other philosophers because most philosophers stood on the appeals of God, where he trusted in the power of…
Socrates Socrates believes that the “self” exists in two parts. One part is the physical, tangible aspect of us. This is the part that is mortal and can be/is constantly changing. The second part is the soul, which he believed to be immortal. The soul…
Do you know what the definition of religion is? Religion is a worldview with supernatural elements. If you don’t know what worldview means, worldview is composed of ethics, metaphysics, and epistemology. The word ‘ethics’ originates from the Greek word ‘ethos’, which means ‘character, spirit, and…
Student’s Name Professor’s Name Course Date Man is a social being with an inner drive that compels him or her to form relationships that aid better interaction in the day to day operations. Most people are confined to associations based on different natures. There are…
Protest literature is the art of expressing values, concerns, and emotions. It can take any form and protest any topic. Different types of protest pieces can articulate the same argument, but in varying ways always for the same purpose: to convince its audience of the…
The history of humanity can be summed up, in a very simple way: the permanent search for happiness. Even though every human being is constantly searching for their own happiness along their life, the definition of happiness varies from one person to another. Happiness is…
Experimental psychology: is a technique for examining mental phenomena and procedures. The experimental psychology attempts to represent the exercises of creatures (including humans) and the utilitarian association of mental procedures by controlling factors that may give rise to behavior; it is fundamentally concerned about finding…
Immanuel Kant’s philosophical approach is typically a moralistic theory seeking to establish the systematic way in which human morality is formed while explaining how various human actions can be judged according to their moral legitimacy. Among all the theories that most of us have come…
In Socrates and the Rule of Law, James Stephens explores Socrates seemingly contradictory views on the rule of law in the Apology and the Crito. The charge of inconsistency is first, in the Apology, Socrates openly admits that he willing to disobey an order of…
The mind-body problem links to questions surrounding personal identity; discussing how our mental activities relate to that of our bodily actions. It can also be argued that the idea that there is a mind-body problem is a mistaken assumption, instead it encompasses many problems which…
In this paper, I will explain why Rene Descartes’ account of substance dualism is inadequate and fails to provide a logical solution for the mind-body problem. Descartes makes the distinction that the body is physical and that the mind is nonphysical, but is unable to…
Background Karl Heinrich Marx, born May 5, 1818, Trier, Rhine province, Prussia [Germany]—died March 14, 1883, London, England), revolutionary, sociologist, historian, and economist. Karl Marx, is without a doubt the most influential socialist thinker to emerge in the 19th century. Although he was largely ignored…
Through a detailed film analysis of Peter Weir’s The Truman Show, I will explore Camus’ concept of the Absurd, then demonstrate and examine his prescription for dealing with it. This paper will consist of two parts, the first will address the turn of events in…
“The reason why men enter into society is the preservation of their property.” – John Locke. Throughout his many writings, John Locke covers a diverse range of topics regarding natural rights, the role of government, and social order. However, a common theme that ties all…
In Plato’s “Allegory of the Cave” explains how the human thought process and their well-being plays through. This analogy refers to how philosophers put forth their ideas to the public eye. The majority of the public will reject the philosopher’s intentions due to their ignorance…
The trial and death of Socrates is generally considered as a controversial issue and have been interpreted by many writers, artists, and philosophers past and present. Two main charges that determine the guilty of Socrates are impiety against the pantheon of Athens; and corruption of…
Karl Marx believed that work at its best is what makes us human. “It fulfils our species essence” as it allows us to be creative and helps us flourish. But the reality in 19th century Europe was that work destroyed workers especially those who had…
Plato was born, the child of Ariston and Perictione, in around 428 BC. His family, on the two sides, was among the most recognized in Athens. He was conceived in Athens into an exceptionally affluent family and as a young fellow was an understudy of…
In this essay, I will be explaining whether Descartes has good arguments to support his dualism or not. In the first section, I will outline the kind of Dualism of mind and body that Descartes endorsed and I will also explain Leibniz’s Law as it…
Throughout history, especially after the Industrial Revolution and during the reign of capitalism, many inequalities have emerged. Both the works of Charlotte Gilman and Karl Marx explore the effects of capitalism and how it created numerous inequalities. This paper compares and contrasts the theories of…
Could the case of Phineas Gage be explained equally well by Cartesian Dualism and Reductive Physicalism- or perhaps neither can explain it? And if so, what does that suggest about the relation between a philosophical ‘theory’ designed to make sense of the relation between mind…
Plato’s View of the Care of the Soul and the Utmost Good Plato – through the proxy of the character of Socrates – in both the Apology and the Phaedo, believes that ‘to care for the soul’ means for man to become a thoroughly virtuous…
We remember Marx as a famous economist referring to his major work titled Das Kapital, or Capital. Marx promoted fundamental revolution in the economy. Hence, he is popularly associated with the economic systems of socialism and communism. What we must know that Marx was first…
Kierkegaard begins his journal entry explaining how he cannot establish himself as a student. It is for this reason that he is searching for his “I”. He’s not concerned with what he knows or what he should seek to know, instead, he’s concerned with what…
Bureaucracy is an organisational structure that is seen to be administration based on discipline that an individual must obey because the rule of order is seen to be the best known method of reaching a certain goal. Weber’s writing on bureaucracy is understood most appropriately…
In the following essay I will be discussing the relevance of Marx today. Within the essay I will be covering the ideas Karl Marx had regarding capitalism and later go on to elaborate on how these same ideas and the extension of his ideas have…
In this essay, I am going to analyse the relation between “I” and God two concepts from Descartes’s book “A Discourse on the Method”. People of his time in France would never have dared to say that “I” come before god, because they thought that…
Rene Descartes was a French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist. A native of the Kingdom of France, One of the most notable intellectual figures of the Dutch Golden Age. Descartes contributed to many fields especially philosophy but due to the lack of available information and awareness…
Based on my understanding of Socrates Philosophy ‘An unexamined life is not worth living means’ If you do not analyze what you do in life it can cause bad or good effect to yourself or to other people. This qoutation also mean you have to…
Socrates was considered by numerous individuals to be the wisest man in Ancient Greece. While he was blamed for his wrong spreading wisdom his expressed words are still remembered and pursued today. During his preliminary, Socrates expressed that, ‘the unexamined life is not worth living’…
One of the views that are known and defended correctly is the fact that being noticeable in life depends on being successful in the education life they offer. However, blindly possessing what is taught in school life to be noticeable and successful in life is…
Determining the relationship between mental and bodily states represents what philosophers have known as the mind-body problem. Its resolution has been one of the main knots of philosophy, which, even today has not been unleashed. This problem appeared in ancient times when the mind was…
Plato, born circa 428 B.C.E, was a prominent ancient Greek philosopher. A teacher of Aristotle and student of Socrates, Plato’s writings explored justice, beauty and equality but also contained discussions of political philosophy and theology. Plato’s most famous work is The Republic, a Socratic dialogue…
Karl Marx and Friedrich Nietzsche were two of the most influential political philosophers of the 19th century. These two thinkers’ ideas were on the surface, directly opposite of one another. Marx was for the collective and equality, while Nietzsche stood for individuals and hierarchy in…
Nietzsche sees Christianity as being an aggressor of progress since the beginning of time. Nietzsche understands that God wants man to be a blind follower, and to not think for himself. Additionally, from this passage it is possible to derive Nietzsche’s thoughts on woman. Nietzsche…
Thus Spoke Zarathustra or having an additional translated name which is Thus Spake Zarathustra, A Book for All and None, a philosophical novel more like a self-help guide by the German cultural critic, philosopher and scholar Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche. Most of Nietzsche’s life, he suffered…
In the 1800s, various reactions to classical liberalism occurred. The Luddites, who were mainly British weavers and textile workers, were in total opposition to the classical liberalist movement. They destroyed machines in protest of their recent unemployment and robbing of their livelihood. The Luddites thought…
According to Marx, ideology is the governing concept, thoughts, or ideas initiated by the dominant ruling class. He furthers elaborate his criticism towards capitalism and the ruling bourgeoisies as dominant over both material production and mental production. In other words, he stands against the ruling…
Marxist criticisms involve the utilization of ideas and beliefs generated by Karl Marx. It involves analyzing the social structure, such as class, culture, and race including the distribution of power and wealth in a society. Utilizing Marxist criticism, we can further delve under the poems…
Sociology is the study of human behavior. It is broken down into three primary theoretical perspectives that are utilized by sociologists to interpret social life. These theories are known as symbolic interactionism, functional analysis and conflict theory. There are many questions people may have about…
Fredrich Nietche was a German Philosopher, he lived a very influential life, from his writings. He was born in 1844 and died in 1900, for the last decade of his life he suffered with insanity. Nietche was very influential on the writers and thinkers of…
Social Class and crime have always been considered by many people as a direct correlation between the two. Many see it as the higher of class you are the lower chance of you committing crimes or just being arrested in general while those who are…
Foucault was French thinker, academic, philosopher, sociologist and psychologist who passed away in 1984. His works affected many academics and many thinkers even while he’s in life. According to Best and Kellner, Foucault’s work provides an innovative and comprehensive critique of modernity.’’ (1989, p. 37)….
Friedrich Nietzsche was highly influenced by Charles Darwin and his theory of evolution. In the nineteenth century Darwin’s ideas about the history and diversity of life – including the evolutionary origin of humankind – contributed to major changes in the sciences, philosophy, social thought, and…
Political theory defined by David Held is that “a network of concepts and generalizations about political life involving ideas, assumptions and statements about the nature, purpose and key features of government, state and society and about the political capabilities of human beings”. Every political theorist…
Sociology is the systematic study of social life, what makes sociology so unique is that it focus on pattern of behavior in society. Sociology organized study of human society and social reactions . Examples of sociology would be school and religion, There are also several…
The post-war economy possessed a differing environment of which, Daniel Bell possessed the intention of showing such changes of which was coupled with our culture and politics. Such progression has continued into the sphere of scientific technology consequently becoming an independent source of surplus value….
The advancement of technology is inevitable as time progresses and it can affect our society in many aspects such as in terms of the economy and politics. It is obvious that modern technology develops rapidly with more big companies relying on it for opening door…
Karl Marx was a German sociologist, socialist revolutionary, philosopher, historian, economist, political theorist and journalist whose critical theories about society, economics and political holds that societies develop through class struggle. Marx has several publications in both sociology and economics and even political matters. His best…
The Plague was published in 1947 by Albert Camus, while not revealing himself till the end of the story he narrates this story in such a dramatic way. Throughout the story Camus kind of gets at the notion of his philosophical view of human life,…
Karl Marx was a German philosopher, political economist, and revolutionary socialist popular in the late nineteenth century for developing Marxism, a socialist movement that was a response to the criticisms he had with Capitalism. Marx held a widespread appeal when it came to his moral…
The above sketch of the relationship between democracy and modernity suggests how successful the idea of democracy has become over the past two centuries. But despite the apparent victory of liberal democracy worldwide, a major fault line in the debate around democracy in the twentieth…
Karl Marx was born in Trier, Germany on May 5, 1818. Marx grew up in a comfortable middle-class household, his father having been a respected lawyer after converting from Judaism to Protestantism. At 17, Marx enrolled at the University of Bonn to start his legal…
There has always been a dispute about what really holds society together and for centuries people have been intrigued by the relationship between individuals and society. In the 70’s the industrial revolution led to a rise in capitalism meaning a greater gap between those who…
Nietzsche uses an etymological approach to prove that the concept of good originated from the nobles, after criticizing the view of the English psychologists.He uses the example of the Gaelic word ‘Fin’ which was “…the distinctive word of the nobility … [which meant] good, noble,…
Crime is a calculated action that is against the law and can cause physical or mental harm, damage or loss to an individual or property . However, there is no easy way to explain the concept of crime. Crime is a deceiving concept as it…
Karl Marx was born in Trier, Germany. He spent most of his time in London where he has been working. what impact he had on history. According to Euro Topics, “On the 200th birthday of Karl Marx a bronze statue was unveiled in his home…
Friedrich Nietzsche was born near Rocken atiny low town within the Prussian province of Saxony, on October 15, 1844. Ironically the philosopher who rejected religion and coined the phrase ‘god is dead’ was descended from a line of respected clergymen. At Pforta’s exacting private school…
The concept of social class has long been linked to patterns of health in modern societies as health inequalities are clearly seen across the UK. According to The 1970-1972 Decennial Supplement of occupational Mortality (OCPS), figure 1 shows that men in social class V were…
Karl Marx was born in Germany in 1818 and went on to become a philosopher, economist, journalist and historian. He wrote two books, ‘Das Kapital’ and ‘Communist Manifesto’ with Fredrick Engel which formed the basic ideology known as Marxism. Marx and Engel believe that political…
Hannah Arendt’s totalitarianism observed that with imperialism comes fascism. This idea that discovering new land and new people forces colonisers to impose violent and strict controlled rule. Arendt places a lot of emphasis on the British Empire. Arendt’s Positive view may stem from the fact…
Karl Marx believed that work at its best is what makes us human, it fulfils our species essence. Work allows us to prosper, however in nineteenth-century Europe, Marx argued that work destroyed workers, especially those who had nothing to sell but their labour. To the…
Existentialism is defined as a philosophy that accentuates individual being, liberty and choice. It emphasizes that individuals define their own meaning of existence, and continuously attempt to make “rational decisions despite existing in an irrational universe.” It is based on the ideology that there is no God or higher being and that the only way…
In his dialogue, Phaedo, Plato gives an account of his teacher’s last conversation before drinking hemlock poison. The fate of the soul seems to be an appropriate topic of conversation while one is facing death. With his friends, Socrates discusses four arguments for the immortality…
In The Birth of A Tragedy, Friedrich Nietzsche discusses the relationship between Apollonian and Dionysus, as inseparable and necessary to reach a constructive goal. Without the combination of the two forces, one will not be able to reach a constructive goal, needed to further oneself…
Anti-Semitism is not only when people discriminate against and are hostile towards Jews, but also when Jews are racially attacked or falsely blamed for being secretly conspirators. It is also a culmination of Holocaust denial, justification, scapegoating, among many other things. After World War I,…
The oxford dictionary defines ethics as “moral principles that govern a person’s behavior or the conducting of an activity.’ Ethics itself tries to explain what makes a person’s life good or happy. This event leads into the Nicomachean Ethics a book written by Aristotle, the…
Plotinus is regarded as the founder of Neoplatonism. He remains the most influential philosopher in antiquity after Plato and Aristotle. The words of wisdom life is a mystery to be lived, not just a problem to be solved have always intrigued me. I have reason…
The invention of the term is attributed to Kierkegaard; the best explanation for the word angst is given by the terms ‘existential anxiety’ or anguish. ‘Dread’ is another word. It is held as a negative feeling arising out of the experience of human freedom and…
Political philosopher Thomas Hobbes starts Chapter XIII by saying human beings are all basically equal. Today we are all familiar with the idea of equality, it’s a very powerful moral idea today. People believe in equality, it is obviously in the declaration of independence, all…
In order to understand the underlying philosophy of love, its types, underlying essence and the fragmentism that can help to understand it in its true form, it is necessary to reflect the visions claimed in Plato’s Symposium. There are different dimensions of love that are…
The topic that I found very compelling was Plato’s “Meno”. This section is a dialogue between Socrates and Meno. Meno asks Socrates if virtue can be taught or if it is learned through practice. Socrates explains that he himself does not truly know what virtue…
Thomas Hobbes of Malmesbury was born on April 5th, 1588 in Westport, Wiltshire and lived in a time of great disruption. Hobbes was a key figure during the Enlightenment period and is considered to be one of the founders of modern political philosophy. He was…
