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The Arab Spring and Its Causes

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Table of Contents

  • Introduction
  • Political Causes
  • Role of Youth
  • Social Media
  • Conclusion

Introduction

Revolutions have introduced about a number of the most radical differences in international records and politics over the course of the world history, over the past decade, numerous regimes have fallen and risen. The Arab world has had an ongoing reputation of dictators. Mohammed Bouazizi, a street vendor, lit himself on fire because the Tunisian government confiscated his cart, thus started the series of revolutions known as the Arab Spring. The leading foundations of the Arab Spring can be recognized while being categorized into economic causes as well as social causes. The revolutionary uprisings of the middle east, the Arab Spring and its success, was shaped by numerous aspects such as the role of the youth, but primarily the role of media. "the people want to bring down the regime" (Aissa, 2012).

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Political Causes

Firstly, in the midst of a revolution, the causes are recognized through social causes but also political causes. When analyzing the condition of North African and Middle Eastern countries through an economic perspective, one aspect that cannot go unnoticed is the difference in reference to their economy is structured as well as their level of progression. As a case in point, countries such as Libya and Saudi Arabia are economically based on their gas and oil export however other countries base on progressing their economy by tourism and manufacturing, prime examples of such countries are Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. Since the 1990's the North African region has rectified its economy amidst the assistance of the World Bank. The downfall of oil-prices in 2008-09 greatly impacted the export of oil in addition to the surrounding nations of that particular region. Due to the oil crisis, a lack of demand for manufactured goods from America and Europe resulted. Furthermore, the 2007-08 global food crisis impacted countries such as Tunisia, Yemen, and Egypt, resulting in public protests which lead to political unrest.

Role of Youth

While analyzing the social causes of the Arab Spring, the youth is a large factor. In spite of the fact that the Middle East and North African regions are heterogeneous, especially by means of the structure of the economy and the progression level, there are some corresponding traits amidst them. About one in every five people in the Arab region are between the ages of 15-24, correspondingly, half the population is below the age of 25. On that account, the unemployment rate is inflated amongst the youth. This (related to how much money and power people have) situation played an important role in social change predominantly with regards to democratization.

Social Media has proven to be a truly controversial tool to human society.

Throughout evaluating history, one cannot ignore that nations with high populations of the youth aren't apprehensive towards political tension, uprisings and civil clashes. As a matter of fact, the recent Sudanese revolutions were led predominantly by the youth. People and particularly youth of the region requested the various governments to advance their social and economic circumstances with the resources of education and employment however it had been not listening by the governments and consequently it led them in regard to the uprisings.

Social Media

In the majority of Arab states, the press is systematically vulnerable, if not totally co-opted by the regime. Even in places wherever the press is part free — such as Kuwait, Lebanon, and Tunisia — journalists face constraints as well as harassment, jailing, and legal limits on speech on-line, a development not distinctive to the Arab world. inside this restrictive surroundings, however, voters became adept at victimization various media and sources of info — such as communication apps and blogs — to access and unfold information.

Conclusion

The term "Arab Spring" was primarily used by U.S conservative commentators in order to; "to refer to a short-lived flowering of Middle Eastern democracy movements in 2005." Since then, it has sparked controversy for the reason that it is a deficient misnomer. Nonetheless, the uprisings have shown the ability of mass demonstrations and peaceful protest, furthermore because of the ability of social media to each fuel protest and communicate its goals to the surface world. The tumult of the Arab Spring conjointly showed autocratic governments — and the remainder of the world — that variant folks living in Muslim nations believe free expression and democratic governance.

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