Essays on Urbanization

Economic and Educational Factors in Faisalabad Faisalabad covers a vast agricultural area, but with the growing population the agricultural land is replacing by hotels, housing societies, shopping malls, business centres and multi-national companies. In past recent years the emergence of educational institutions has grown in…

According to Jane Jacobs, author of The Death and Life of Great American Cities, ‘A city’s resilience depends on its physical assets as well as its policies, social capital and institution. ’There must however be a system of resilience in place which will allow for…

Summary Kevin Lynch, born in 1918 and a Chicago native, was a renowned urban planner and author who became a catalyst in the fields of city planning and urban design during the twentieth century. He studied Architecture at Yale University, City Planning at Massachusetts Institute…

Rapid urbanization and industrialization are leading to the environmental degradation such as deforestation. As a result natural disaster is becoming more extreme and the losses of lives and properties also increasing in a large amount. So, an effective step is necessary to minimize the effect…

I listened to four oral history interviews by Caroline Morris (2011 & 2012). In these interview recordings, respondents described their feelings and memories of the Historic Fulton Renewal Project, the impact of the project on the community and how did it influence the interviewees and…

The need for a participatory and people-centric urban development has been long felt as programmes like JNNURM that followed a top-down approach. The 74th Constitutional Amendment Act laid emphasis on creating an enabling environment through the creation of platforms for citizen engagement in identifying, planning…

With the rapid expansion of urbanization and industrialization the need for adult education in urban areas was also felt. The first organized attempt at planning and programming of adult education for adults, in urban and industrial area. Every country develops its own system of education…

The moment early man decided to settle down in the fertile lands of South Asia, the world changed forever. The transition from hunter-gatherer lifestyles to settled agrarian communities, marked a decisive change in the development of humankind and the cultures we have since established. After…

What kind of cities have we built over past decades particularly when we look at unjust urban spaces? The uneven development of many public spaces is a classic case of spatial injustice in Iran, mainly in the inner city of Tehran. Most of the practices…

The urbanization and rise in Labor Union movement As to start with, what is “Labor Union” mean in historical terms? According to Merriam-Webster, “an organization of workers formed for the purpose of advancing its members’ interests in respect to wages, benefits, and working conditions.” The…